I remember using a plugin in the past where I could use AJax to load a page and update only part of the DOM. The AJax request returns the entire HTML page, but only a small portion of it replaces part of the currently loaded DOM.
For example, SO can use this function to fetch http://stackoverflow.com and only update #content. SO would make an AJax request to fetch http://stackoverflow.com, fetch #content from the returned string, and update #content of the DOM.
Sorry if my question is confusing. How would I do this without a plugin?