通过随机化,您可以将其归结为线性时间。这个想法是用一个随机整数替换每个 P 值,使得这些整数总和为零。现在寻找两个相等的前缀和。这允许一些误报的可能性很小,我们可以通过检查我们的输出来补救。
在 Python 2.7 中:
# input:
vec1 = [1, 2, 3]
P = len(vec1)
vec2 = [1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1]
N = len(vec2)
# Choose big enough integer B. For each k in vec1, choose
# a random mod-B remainder r[k], so their mod-B sum is 0.
# Any P-1 of these remainders are independent.
import random
B = N*N*N
r = dict((k, random.randint(0,B-1)) for k in vec1)
s = sum(r.values())%B
r[vec1[0]] = (r[vec1[0]]+B-s)%B
assert sum(r.values())%B == 0
# For 0<=i<=N, let vec3[i] be mod-B sum of r[vec2[j]], for j<i.
vec3 = [0] * (N+1)
for i in range(1,N+1):
vec3[i] = (vec3[i-1] + r[vec2[i-1]]) % B
# Find pair (i,j) so vec3[i]==vec3[j], and j-i is as large as possible.
# This is either a solution (subsequence vec2[i:j] is uniform) or a false
# positive. The expected number of false positives is < N*N/(2*B) < 1/N.
(i, j)=(0, 0)
first = {}
for k in range(N+1):
v = vec3[k]
if v in first:
if k-first[v] > j-i:
(i, j) = (first[v], k)
else:
first[v] = k
# output:
print "Found subsequence from", i, "(inclusive) to", j, "(exclusive):"
print vec2[i:j]
print "This is either uniform, or rarely, it is a false positive."