TLDR:
我想到了使用“For”循环和“set”命令来解析变量的想法,允许我创建伪数组,包括有序和链表样式,更重要的是,类似于结构的伪对象。
一个典型的批处理伪数组,以及如何解析:
SET "_Arr.Names="Name 1" "Name 2" ... "Name N""
FOR %A IN (%_Arr.Names%) DO @( Echo.%~A )
REM Results:
REM Name 1
REM Name 2
REM ...
REM Name N
下面我们制作了一些 Dumb Pseudo Arrays 和一个手动排序的 Pseudo Array,并创建了一个 Ordered Pseudo Array 来捕获 DIR 命令的输出。
我们还采用 Dumb Pseudo Arrays 并将它们转换为 Ordered 数组(之后删除原始 Dumb Pseudo Array 变量)。
然后我们手动更新所有有序数组以包含更多元素。
最后,我们通过对值 7 到 9 执行预定义的 For L 循环来动态报告数组中的一些值,并生成一个随机值以打印数组的第 4 个示例值。
笔记:
我创建了一个变量来保存添加成员的方法,以使添加它们更简单。
我指出这一点,因为它应该可以很容易地看到我们如何从有序数组到伪对象的小跳转。
@(
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
ECHO OFF
REM Manually Create a shortcut method to add more elements to a specific ordered array
SET "_Arr.Songs.Add=SET /A "_Arr.Songs.0+=1"&&CALL SET "_Arr.Songs.%%_Arr.Songs.0%%"
REM Define some 'dumb' Pseudo arrays
SET "_Arr.Names="Name 1" "Name 2" "Name 3" "Name 4" "Name 5" "Name 6" "Name 7" "Name 8""
SET "_Arr.States="AL" "AK" "AZ" "AR" "CA" "CO" "CT" "DE" "FL" "GA" "HI" "ID" "IL" "IN" "IA" "KS" "KY" "LA" "ME" "MD" "MA" "MI" "MN" "MS" "MO" "MT" "NE" "NV" "NH" "NJ" "NM" "NY" "NC" "ND" "OH" "OK" "OR" "PA" "RI" "SC" "SD" "TN" "TX" "UT" "VT" "VA" "WA" "WV" "WI" "WY""
)
REM Manually Create One Ordered Array
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Hey Jude"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=The Bartman"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Teenage Dirtbag"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Roundabout"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=The Sound of Silence"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Jack and Diane"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=One Angry Dwarf and 200 Solumn Faces"
REM Turn All Pre-Existing Normal Pseudo Arrays into Element Arrays
REM Since Ordered Arrays use Index 0, we can skip any manually created Ordered Arrays:
FOR /F "Tokens=2 Delims==." %%A IN ('SET _Arr. ^| FIND /V ".0=" ^| SORT') DO (
IF /I "%%~A" NEQ "!_TmpArrName!" (
SET "_TmpArrName=%%~A"
IF NOT DEFINED _Arr.!_TmpArrName!.Add (
REM Create a shortcut method to add more members to the array
SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.Add=SET /A "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0+=1"&&CALL SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.%%_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0%%"
)
FOR %%a IN (!_Arr.%%~A!) DO (
CALL SET /A "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0+=1"
CALL SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.%%_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0%%=%%~a"
)
)
IF DEFINED _Arr.!_TmpArrName! (
REM Remove Unneeded Dumb Psuedo Array "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!"
SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!="
)
)
REM Create New Array of unknown Length from Command Output, and Store it as an Ordered Array
SET "_TmpArrName=WinDir"
FOR /F "Tokens=* Delims==." %%A IN ('Dir /B /A:D "C:\Windows"') DO (
IF NOT DEFINED _Arr.!_TmpArrName!.Add (
SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.Add=SET /A "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0+=1"&&CALL SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.%%_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0%%"
)
CALL SET /A "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0+=1"
CALL SET "_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.%%_Arr.!_TmpArrName!.0%%=%%~A"
)
)
REM Manually Add additional Elements to the Ordered Arrays:
%_Arr.Names.Add%=Manual Name 1"
%_Arr.Names.Add%=Manual Name 2"
%_Arr.Names.Add%=Manual Name 3"
%_Arr.States.Add%=51st State"
%_Arr.States.Add%=52nd State"
%_Arr.States.Add%=53rd State"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Live and Let Die"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Baby Shark"
%_Arr.Songs.Add%=Safety Dance"
%_Arr.WinDir.Add%=Fake_Folder 1"
%_Arr.WinDir.Add%=Fake_Folder 2"
%_Arr.WinDir.Add%=Fake_Folder 3"
REM Test Output:
REM Use a For Loop to List Values 7 to 9 of each array and A Psuedo Rnadom 4th value
REM We are only interested in Ordered Arrays, so the .0 works nicely to locate those exclusively.
FOR /F "Tokens=2,4 Delims==." %%A IN ('SET _Arr. ^| FIND ".0=" ^| SORT') DO (
CALL :Get-Rnd %%~B
ECHO.
ECHO.%%~A 7 to 9, Plus !_Rnd#! - Psuedo Randomly Selected
FOR /L %%L IN (7,1,9) DO (
CALL Echo. * Element [%%L] of %%~A Pseudo Array = "%%_Arr.%%~A.%%L%%"
)
CALL Echo. * Random Element [!_Rnd#!] of %%~A Pseudo Array = "%%_Arr.%%~A.!_Rnd#!%%"
)
ENDLOCAL
GOTO :EOF
:Get-Rnd
SET /A "_RandMax=(32767 - ( ( ( 32767 %% %~1 ) + 1 ) %% %~1) )", "_Rnd#=!Random!"
IF /I !_Rnd#! GTR !_RandMax! ( GOTO :Get_Rnd# )
SET /A "_Rnd#%%=%~1"
GOTO :EOF
示例结果:
Results:
Names 7 to 9, Plus 5 - Psuedo Randomly Selected
* Element [7] of Names Pseudo Array = "Name 7"
* Element [8] of Names Pseudo Array = "Name 8"
* Element [9] of Names Pseudo Array = "Manual Name 1"
* Random Element [5] of Names Pseudo Array = "Name 5"
Songs 7 to 9, Plus 5 - Psuedo Randomly Selected
* Element [7] of Songs Pseudo Array = "One Angry Dwarf and 200 Solumn Faces"
* Element [8] of Songs Pseudo Array = "Live and Let Die"
* Element [9] of Songs Pseudo Array = "Baby Shark"
* Random Element [5] of Songs Pseudo Array = "The Sound of Silence"
States 7 to 9, Plus 9 - Psuedo Randomly Selected
* Element [7] of States Pseudo Array = "CT"
* Element [8] of States Pseudo Array = "DE"
* Element [9] of States Pseudo Array = "FL"
* Random Element [9] of States Pseudo Array = "FL"
WinDir 7 to 9, Plus 26 - Psuedo Randomly Selected
* Element [7] of WinDir Pseudo Array = "assembly"
* Element [8] of WinDir Pseudo Array = "AUInstallAgent"
* Element [9] of WinDir Pseudo Array = "Boot"
* Random Element [26] of WinDir Pseudo Array = "Fonts"
最初,我会做类似于 Aacini 的事情,一个带有增量计数器的简单变量行,手动,或者通过一个简单的循环从一个快速的变量列表中分配它们。
这对于小型二维阵列来说很好。
但是,我发现长数据数组很痛苦,尤其是当我需要多值内容时。
更不用说什么时候我需要动态匹配和填充这些多维数组中的内容,那里的简单用法会失效。
我发现,当您最终需要多个信息数组来全面更新或添加功能时,这变得很困难。
因此,数组本质上是您需要作为变量导出的子字符串列表,添加或更改它们的顺序意味着更改您的代码。
例如,您需要登录多个 FTP 服务器,从某些路径中删除超过 X 天的文件。
最初,您可能会创建简单的子字符串数组,我将像这样定义:
Site.##=[Array (String)] [Array (String)] @(
IP=[SubSting],
Username=[SubString],
Password[SubString])
或如本示例代码所示。
(
SETOCAL
ECHO OFF
REM Manage Sites:
SET "Sites=13"
SET "MaxAge=28"
SET "Site.1="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
SET "Site.2="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
SET "Site.3="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
REM ...
SET "Site.11="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
SET "Site.12="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
SET "Site.13="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
)
FOR /L %%L IN (1,1,%Sites%) DO (
FOR /F "Tokens=*" %%A IN ('CALL ECHO %%Site.%%L%%') DO (
Echo. Pulled this example from a more complex example of my actual code, so the example variables may not need this loop, but it won't hurt to have if they don't need the extra expansion.
Call :Log
CALL :DeleteFTP %%~A
)
)
GOTO :EOF
:DeleteFTP
REM Simple ftp command for cygwin to delete the files found older than X days.
SET "FTPCMD="%~dp0lftp" %~1 -u %~2,%~3 -e "rm -rf %~4%MaxAge% "
FOR /F "Tokens=*" %%F IN ('"%FTPCMD% 2^>^&1"') DO @(
ECHO.%%~F
)
GOTO :EOF
现在,有 13 个站点,这并不是那么糟糕,我敢肯定你是在说。正确的?您可以在最后添加一个,然后输入信息并完成。
然后您需要添加网站的名称以进行报告,因此您在位置 5 的每个字符串中添加另一个术语,这样您就不必更改您的功能..
::...
SET "Site.1="[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]" "[Site Name]""
::...
然后你意识到你需要按照他们的站点名称(或 IP,但名称对大多数人来说更容易记住并且你需要能够让其他人看到)来保持它们的顺序,所以你改变了顺序所有 13 个点、扩展变量的调用和函数。
::...
SET "Site.1="[Site Name]" "[IP]" "[User Name]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
::...
FOR /F "Tokens=*" %%A IN ('CALL ECHO %%Site.%%L%%')
::...
SET "FTPCMD="%~dp0lftp" %~2 -u %~3,%~4 -e "rm -rf %~5%MaxAge% "
::...
然后它只会变得更糟:
您必须在同一站点使用不同用户检查的目录数量开始增加。
您意识到您需要为每个站点设置不同的保留时间,然后再为每个目录设置不同的保留时间。
你最终会得到 30、40,50 个,通过查看长字符串的末尾并复制它们等,很难记住哪个是哪个。
您停止添加更多路径,但有时您必须删除旧路径,否则当它们消失时会导致问题,如果您忘记更新列表中的站点总数,您可能会错过在某些上运行脚本。
添加或删除目录时,您必须从每个站点添加/删除它,这使得使用排序变得更加困难,并且更容易错过站点,因为它们不容易识别。
只是,多么痛苦,甚至当您需要一组动态对象时,这都是手动的。
所以,你可以做什么?好吧,这就是我所做的:
我最终求助于在需要的 cmd 脚本中实现一种穷人结构或对象数组(字符串)。
IE 结构将是一个“站点对象”,它具有多个属性,这些属性本身可能是具有子属性的对象。由于 CMD 实际上不是面向对象的,因此它有点像数组一样。
由于我开始的示例最终成为我尝试这些的第一个地方,因此您可以看到这个中间汞合金步骤,我将定义如下:
eg: Site.[ID].[Object Property]=[Value, or array of values]
Site
.ID=[int]
.Name=[string]
.Path=[String]
.MaxAge=[Int]
.Details=[Array (String)] @(
IP=[SubSting],
Username=[SubString],
Password[SubString])
为了解决需要即时重新排序数据集的问题,我考虑使用一种我玩过的链表形式,但是因为我想轻松地将项目添加到每个站点分组中,同时保持站点之间的顺序,所以我选择了一个简单的方法。
下面是这一步使用中的另一个代码示例:
@(
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
ECHO OFF
SET "_SiteCount=0"
SET "_SiteID=0"
SET /A "_SiteID= !_SiteID! + 1"
SET "Site.!_SiteID!.MaxAge=Day5Ago"
SET "Site.!_SiteID!.Name=[SITE NAME HEADER FOR EMAIL]"
SET "Site.!_SiteID!.Detail="[IP]" "[UserName]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
REM ...
SET /A "_SiteID= !_SiteID! + 1"
SET "Site.!_SiteID!.MaxAge=Day15Ago"
SET "Site.!_SiteID!.Name=[SITE NAME HEADER FOR EMAIL]"
SET "Site.!_SiteID!.Detail="[IP]" "[UserName]" "[Password]" "[Path]""
)
CALL :Main
(
ENDLOCAL
Exit /b %eLvl%
)
:Main
REM In some forms of these the order isn't meaningful, but in others you need to follows the order and so we just count he number of site objects by counting one of their properties.
FOR /F %%A IN ('SET ^| FIND /I "Site." ^| FIND /I ".Name="') DO ( CALL SET /A "_SiteCount+=1" )
FOR /L %%L IN (1,1,34) DO (
CALL :PSGetDate_DaysAgo %%L
)
FOR /L %%L IN (1,1,%_SiteCount%) DO (
SET "Site.%%L.Create=NONE"
)
FOR /L %%L IN (1,1,%_SiteCount%) DO (
FOR /F "Tokens=*" %%A IN ('CALL ECHO ""%%Site.%%L.Name%%" %%Site.%%L.Detail%% "Site.%%L" "%%%%Site.%%L.MaxAge%%%%""') DO (
CALL ECHO CALL :DeleteFTP %%~A
CALL :DeleteFTP %%~A
)
)
CALL :SendMail "%EMLog%" "%_EMSubject%"
GOTO :EOF
:DeleteFTP
REM ECHO.IF "%~7" EQU "%skip%" (
IF "%~7" EQU "%skip%" (
GOTO :EOF
)
SET "FTPCMD="%~dp0lftp" %~2 -u %~3,%~4 -e "rm -rf %~5%~7 "
SET "FTPCMD=%FTPCMD%; bye""
FOR /F "Tokens=*" %%F IN ('"%FTPCMD% 2^>^&1"') DO @(
ECHO."%%F"
ECHO."%%~F"
REM CALL :Output "%Temp%\%~2_%~7.log" "%%F"
%OP% "%Temp%\%~2_%~7.log"
SET "FTPOut=%%~F"
)
GOTO :EOF
正如您可能看到的,这些结构在您需要手动应用并以特定顺序显示数据的分叉分层数据集的情况下工作得非常好。
虽然,可以肯定的是,今天我通常将结构的基础作为脚本的名称,因为我发现这更有用,并且可能会或可能不会根据需要使用有序数组。
SET "_GUID=^%Time^%_^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%^%Random:~-1^%"
eg: %~n0.[ObjectName].[Object Property].[Object Sub Property]=[Value, or array of values]
[Script Name]
.[Object Name](May Hold Count of Names)=[int]
.Name=[string]
.Paths(May Hold Count of IDs)=[INT]
.GUID=%_GUID%
.Path=String
.MaxAge=[Int]
.Details=[Array (String)] @(
IP=[SubSting],
Username=[SubString],
Password[SubString])
但是,您可能需要在哪里收集大量动态生成的数据,并将其分组到预先制作的类别中,然后将其混合起来进行报告。
好吧,这些也很有用,您可以在代码中动态构建它们,根据需要添加更多属性。
在与 FTP 删除类似的脚本中,我们需要检查多个目录的大小,我将把它弄糊涂一点,只看一个检查:
@(
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
ECHO OFF
SET /A "_SiteID= !_SiteID! + 1"
SET "SiteName=SiteA"
SET "%~n0.!SiteName!=%%_SiteID%%
SET "%~n0.!SiteName!.SiteID=!_SiteID!
SET "%~n0.!SiteName!.Paths="PathA" "PathB" "PathC" "PathD" "PathE""
)
CALL :CheckFTP [FTP Login variables from source object including Site ID]
:CheckFTP
REM Not necessary to assign Variables, doing this for exposition only:
CALL SET "TempSiteName=%~6"
CALL SET "TempPaths=%%%~n0.%~1.Paths%%"
REM Clear the site Temp KB variables
FOR \F "Tokens=2* Delims== " %%H IN (%TempPaths% "Total" "Temp") DO (
CALL SET /A "%%%~n0.%~1.Paths.%%~H.KB=0"
)
FOR %%J IN (%TempPaths%) DO (
FOR /F "Tokens=1-2" %%F IN ('[FTP Command using source object options]') DO @(
CALL :SumSite "%~6" "%%~F" "%%~G"
FOR /F "Tokens=1,2,* delims=/" %%f IN ("%%~G") DO (
CALL :ConvertFolder "%~6" "%%~F" "%%~g" "%%~h" "%~6_%%~g_%%~h"
)
)
)
FOR /F "Tokens=3,4,7 Delims==_." %%g IN ('SET ^| FIND /I "%~6_" ^| FIND /I ".KB" ^| FIND /I /V "_."') DO (
CALL :WriteFolder "%%g/%%~h" "%TmpFile%" "%~6_%%~g_%%~h"
REM echo.CALL :WriteFolder "%%g/%%~h" "%TmpFile%" "%~6_%%~g_%%~h"
)
CALL :ConvertSite "%~1"
CALL :WriteTotalFolder "%~7" "%TmpFile%" "%~6"
CALL :SendMail "%TmpFile%" "Backup_%~1"
GOTO :EOF
:SumSite
CALL SET "TSumPaths=%%%~n0.%~1.Paths%% "Total""
FOR %%H IN (%TSumPaths%) DO (
CALL SET /A "%~n0.%~1.Paths.%%~H.KB=%%%~n0.%~1.Paths.%%~H.KB%%+%~2"
)
:SumSite
CALL SET "TSumPaths=%%%~n0.%~1.Paths%% "Total""
FOR %%H IN (%TSumPaths%) DO (
CALL SET /A "%~n0.%~1.Paths.%%~H.KB=%%%~n0.%~1.Paths.%%~H.KB%%+%~2"
)
GOTO :EOF
:ConvertFolder
REM Convert's Folder values to MB and GB
SET /A "%~1.Temp.KB=%~2"
CALL SET /A "%~1.Temp.MB=%%%~1.Temp.KB%%/1024"
CALL SET /A "%~1.Temp.GB=(%%%~1.Temp.KB%%/1024)/1024"
CALL SET /A "%~5.Temp.KB=%%%~5.Temp.KB%%+%~2"
CALL SET /A "%~5.Temp.MB=%%%~5.Temp.KB%%/1024"
CALL SET /A "%~5.Temp.GB=(%%%~5.Temp.KB%%/1024)/1024"
GOTO :EOF
:WriteFolder
CALL :PickGMKBytes "%~1" "%~2" "G" "M" "K" "%%%~3.Temp.GB%%" "%%%~3.Temp.MB%%" "%%%~3.Temp.KB%%"
GOTO :EOF
:PickGMKBytes
IF /I "%~6" NEQ "" (
IF /I "%~6"=="0" (
CALL :PickGMKBytes "%~1" "%~2" "%~4" "%~5" "%~6" "%~7" "%~8"
) ELSE (
CALL :Output "%~2" "%~6%~3 %~1"
)
) ELSE (
CALL :Output "%~2" "0B %~1"
)
GOTO :EOF
:ConvertSite
CALL SET "TempPaths=%%%~n0.%~1.Paths%%"
FOR %%V IN (%TempPaths% "Total") DO (
CALL SET /A "%~1.%%~V.MB=%%%~1.%%~V.KB%%/1024"
CALL SET /A "%~1.%%~V.GB=(%%%~1.%%~V.KB%%/1024)/1024"
)
GOTO :EOF
公平地说,这个脚本示例在显示正在发生的事情方面可能不是很明确,我必须即时进行更改以修复新的对象样式,但本质上是:它创建连接对象,然后动态扩展它们以包含 sub文件夹,并以 KB、MB 和 GB 为单位维护每个子文件夹和站点的运行总计,并在动态汇总给定文件夹的所有目录等后报告哪些值。
虽然我不得不对其进行一些编辑,因为这也是这些版本的早期版本,但我认为这是它可能最能展示好处的实例之一。如果我在我的其他脚本之一中找到更好的示例,我也可能会在那里更新它。