c# - WPF 窗口在启动时抛出 TypeInitializationException

Question

我有一个带有多个功能区的 Excel 插件，一个功能区是设置窗口。单击它时，将显示一个自定义窗口。但是，单击时没有任何显示。我在日志文件中看到了以下异常。是什么原因造成的以及如何解决？多谢

2012-04-09 09:59:50,161 [1] 错误助手 [(null)] - 名称：TypeInitializationException
消息：“System.Windows.Window”的类型初始化程序引发了异常。
目标：无效 .ctor()
堆栈：在 System.Windows.Window..ctor()
   在 MyShared.View.ConnectionSetup..ctor()
   在 MyAddIn.Connect.GetSettings()
   在 MyAddIn.Connect.BtnClick（IRibbonControl 控件）

名称：类型初始化异常
消息：“System.Windows.FrameworkElement”的类型初始化程序引发了异常。
目标：无效 .cctor()
堆栈：在 System.Windows.Window..cctor()

名称：类型初始化异常
消息：“System.Windows.Documents.TextElement”的类型初始化程序引发异常。
目标：无效 .cctor()
堆栈：在 System.Windows.FrameworkElement..cctor()

名称：类型初始化异常
消息：“MS.Internal.FontCache.Util”的类型初始化程序引发异常。
目标：Int32 get_Dpi()
堆栈：在 MS.Internal.FontCache.Util.get_Dpi()
   在 System.Windows.SystemFonts.ConvertFontHeight（Int32 高度）
   在 System.Windows.Documents.TextElement..cctor()

名称：UriFormatException
消息：无效的 URI：无法确定 URI 的格式。
目标：Void CreateThis(System.String, Boolean, System.UriKind)
堆栈：在 System.Uri.CreateThis(String uri, Boolean dontEscape, UriKind uriKind)
   在 System.Uri..ctor（字符串 uriString，UriKind uriKind）
   在 MS.Internal.FontCache.Util..cctor()

编辑，这里是 xaml 代码

<Window x:Class="MyShared.View.ConnectionSetup"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:toolkit="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wpf/2008/toolkit"
    xmlns:Converter="clr-namespace:MIMICShared.Converter" 
    WindowStartupLocation="CenterOwner"
    Title="Settings" Width="446" Height="650"  Closing="WindowClosing"
DataContextChanged="UserControlDataContextChanged" Foreground="Black" FontWeight="Normal" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch">
<Window.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
        <Converter:Status2ImageConverter x:Key="string2Image"/>
    </ResourceDictionary>
</Window.Resources>

<Grid FocusManager.FocusedElement="{Binding ElementName=uname}" >
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
        <RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
        <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
        <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
        <RowDefinition Height="5"></RowDefinition>
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <GroupBox Grid.Row="1" Foreground="Blue">
        <Grid >
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                    
                <ColumnDefinition Width="5"></ColumnDefinition>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"></ColumnDefinition>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
                <ColumnDefinition Width="5"></ColumnDefinition>
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition Height="2"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="2"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="2"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="2"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="2"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
                <RowDefinition Height="2"></RowDefinition>
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.ColumnSpan="4" FontSize="14" HorizontalAlignment="Center" FontWeight="Bold" VerticalAlignment="Bottom">Historical</Label>
            <GroupBox Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="3" Header="Connections" Foreground="Blue" Grid.ColumnSpan="2">
                <Grid>
                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <RowDefinition Height="*" ></RowDefinition>
                        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>

                    <toolkit:DataGrid x:Name="connectionlist" Margin="5" Style="{DynamicResource DataGridStyleDefault}" Background="White"
              AutoGenerateColumns="False" HeadersVisibility="All"
              SelectionMode="Single"
              GridLinesVisibility="None"                  
              ItemsSource="{Binding SettingList}" CanUserAddRows="False" CanUserDeleteRows="True"
              SelectionUnit="FullRow" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedItem}" 
              SelectionChanged="ConnectionlistSelectionChanged"                               
              VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled">
                        <!-- Column definition -->
                        <toolkit:DataGrid.Columns>
                            <!-- Pool -->
                            <!--<toolkit:DataGridCheckBoxColumn Header="Pool" Width="40" Binding="{Binding pool}" />-->
                            <!-- Connections info -->
                            <toolkit:DataGridTextColumn Header="Connection Info" Width="*" Binding="{Binding host}" />
                            <toolkit:DataGridTextColumn Header="Description" Width="*"  Binding="{Binding desc}" >
                                <toolkit:DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
                                    <Style TargetType="{x:Type TextBlock}">
                                        <Setter Property="TextWrapping" Value="Wrap" />
                                    </Style>
                                </toolkit:DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
                            </toolkit:DataGridTextColumn>
                        </toolkit:DataGrid.Columns>
                    </toolkit:DataGrid>

                    <Grid Grid.Row="2" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
                        <Grid>
                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"></ColumnDefinition>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"></ColumnDefinition>
                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                            <Button Margin="2" Padding="10 0" x:Name="AddButton" Click="AddClicked">Add</Button>
                            <Button Grid.Column="1" Margin="2" Padding="10 0" Command="{Binding Remove}">Remove</Button>
                        </Grid>
                    </Grid>
                </Grid>
            </GroupBox>

            <GroupBox Header="Authentication" Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="1" Foreground="Blue" Grid.ColumnSpan="2">
                <Grid>
                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="2"/>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="2"/>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="5"/>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
                    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

                    <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0">Username:</Label>
                    <TextBox x:Name="uname" Width="100" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="2" Text="{Binding UserName, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" ></TextBox>

                    <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0">Password:</Label>
                    <PasswordBox x:Name="pwd" ToolTip="Password" PasswordChar="*"                             
                         Width="100" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="2" KeyDown="OnKeyDownHandler"></PasswordBox>
                    <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="3">
                        <Hyperlink Click="HyperlinkClick">Forgot Password?</Hyperlink>
                    </Label>
                    <CheckBox Margin="10 0 0 0" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" x:Name="saveauth" IsChecked="{Binding SaveAuth}">Save username and password</CheckBox>
                    <Button Margin="10 0 0 0" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="3" Click="VerifyButtonClick">OK</Button>
                </Grid>
            </GroupBox>
            <GroupBox Header="Status" Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="1" Foreground="Blue" Grid.ColumnSpan="2">
                <Grid>
                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="0"/>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                        <RowDefinition  Height="0"/>
                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="80"/>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="20"/>
                        <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
                    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0">Historical</Label>
                    <Image Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" 
                           Source="{Binding ElementName=historicalStatusLabel, Path=Content, Converter={StaticResource string2Image}}"
                           ToolTip="Connection Status"></Image>
                    <Label  Name="historicalStatusLabel" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="2" Content="{Binding ConnectionStatus, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"/>
                </Grid>
            </GroupBox>
        </Grid>
    </GroupBox>
    <GroupBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Foreground="Blue">
        <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="0"></RowDefinition>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <Label Grid.Row="1" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Bottom">Real Time</Label>
                <GroupBox Header="Authorization" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Foreground="Blue">
        <Grid>
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                <RowDefinition  Height="2"/>
                <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                <RowDefinition  Height="2"/>
                <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="2"/>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

            <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0">Username:</Label>
            <TextBox x:Name="RTDemail" Width="100" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="2" Text="{Binding RTDUserName, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"></TextBox>

            <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0">Password:</Label>
            <PasswordBox x:Name="RTDpwd" ToolTip="Password" PasswordChar="*"                             
                         Width="100" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="2" KeyDown="OnKeyDownHandler"></PasswordBox>
            <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="3">
                <Hyperlink Click="HyperlinkClickRTD">Forgot Password?</Hyperlink>
            </Label>
            <CheckBox Margin="10 0 0 0" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" x:Name="RTDsaveauth" IsChecked="{Binding RTDSaveAuth}">Save username and password</CheckBox>
            <Button Margin="10 0 0 0" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="3" Click="RTDVerifyButtonClick">OK</Button>
        </Grid>
    </GroupBox>
    <GroupBox Grid.Row="5" Grid.ColumnSpan="3">
        <Grid>
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="10"></ColumnDefinition>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"></ColumnDefinition>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"></ColumnDefinition>
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <Label Grid.Column="1" Margin="0 0 0 0" Foreground="Blue">Server</Label>
            <Label Name="RTDServerURLLabel" Grid.Column="2" Content="{Binding RTDServerURL}"></Label>
        </Grid>
    </GroupBox>
    <GroupBox Header="Status" Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="1" Foreground="Blue">
        <Grid>
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition  Height="2"/>
                <RowDefinition  Height="Auto"/>
                <RowDefinition  Height="2"/>
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="80"/>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="20"/>
                <ColumnDefinition  Width="Auto"/>
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <Label Grid.Row ="1" Grid.Column="0">Real Time</Label>
            <Image Grid.Row ="1" Grid.Column="1" 
                    Source="{Binding ElementName=RTDStatusLabel, Path=Content, Converter={StaticResource string2Image}}"
                   ToolTip="Connection Status" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="20"></Image>
            <Label Name="RTDStatusLabel" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="2" Content="{Binding RTDConnectionStatus, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"></Label>
        </Grid>
    </GroupBox>
    </Grid>
    </GroupBox>        
    <Grid Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" >
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"></ColumnDefinition>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="60"></ColumnDefinition>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="20"></ColumnDefinition>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <Button x:Name="CloseButton" Click="CloseButtonClick" Grid.Column ="1" Margin="0,0,0,0">Close</Button>
        </Grid>                  
</Grid>

点击ribbon时，执行代码，ConnectionSetup就是上面的xaml文件

private bool GetSettings()
{
    var settingUI = new ConnectionSetup();
    settingUI.DataContext = Settings;

    CenterMainWindow(settingUI, wndHandle.Handle);

    bool? result = settingUI.ShowDialog();
    return result ?? false;
}

    private void CenterMainWindow(System.Windows.Window window, IntPtr ownerHandle)
    {
        var helper = new System.Windows.Interop.WindowInteropHelper(window) {Owner = ownerHandle};

        // Center window
        // Note - Need to use HwndSource to get handle to WPF owned window,
        //        and the handle only exists when SourceInitialized has been
        //        raised

        window.SourceInitialized += delegate
                                        {
                                            // Get WPF size and location for non-WPF owner window
                                            var nonWPFOwnerLeft = XLApp.Left;
                                            var nonWPFOwnerWidth = XLApp.Width;
                                            var nonWPFOwnerTop = XLApp.Top;
                                            var nonWPFOwnerHeight = XLApp.Height;

                                            // Get transform matrix to transform non-WPF owner window
                                            // size and location units into device-independent WPF
                                            // size and location units
                                            var source = System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.FromHwnd(helper.Handle);
                                            if (source != null && source.CompositionTarget != null)
                                            {
                                                var matrix = source.CompositionTarget.TransformFromDevice;
                                                var ownerWPFSize =
                                                    matrix.Transform(new System.Windows.Point(nonWPFOwnerWidth,
                                                                                              nonWPFOwnerHeight));
                                                var ownerWPFPosition =
                                                    matrix.Transform(new System.Windows.Point(nonWPFOwnerLeft,
                                                                                              nonWPFOwnerTop));

                                                // Center WPF window
                                                window.WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.Manual;
                                                window.Left = Math.Max(0,
                                                                       ownerWPFPosition.X +
                                                                       (ownerWPFSize.X - window.Width)/2);
                                                window.Top = Math.Max(0,
                                                                      ownerWPFPosition.Y +
                                                                      (ownerWPFSize.Y - window.Height)/2);
                                            }
                                        };
    }

score 4 · Accepted Answer

~~从您发布的错误堆栈来看，您的设置窗口上可能有一个链接。不幸的是，该链接中包含无效的 url，这导致创建窗口失败。~~

编辑：更仔细地查看了您的代码和错误消息，很明显我在寻找错误的区域。一些搜索在wpf中发现了一个错误。

简短版：windir 环境变量可能在目标机器上设置不正确，导致字体子系统中断。解决方法是在目标机器的注册表或代码中通过在启动时添加类似以下内容来修复环境变量：

Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("windir", Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SystemRoot"));

score 3 · Accepted Answer

We had a couple of people experience this problem. The solution described here (caused by PATH being greater than 2048 characters) resolved the issue.

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我担心上面建议的语句在以太多或太少权限运行的代码中可能存在问题。当然，我作为管理员在我的工作站上运行的应用程序对 Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("windir",Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SystemRoot")); 的调用没有问题。

但我不确定 SetEnvironmentVariable 是否真的可以在锁定的操作系统上工作。有没有人a）真正尝试过这个，b）在低权限环境中尝试过>

此外，在使用此调用安装应用程序并运行一次后，我在应用程序启动时看到了一些奇怪的情况。所有其他应用程序不再能看到 windir，它没有扩展到 C:\Windows。我将完成整个安装并在没有它的情况下运行，看看 TypeInvocation 异常是否重新出现，如果没有，OS windir 变量是否完好无损。

更新：

我已经确认我注意到的不良行为是由于未指定 SetEnvironment 调用的目标。使用以下我的问题似乎得到了缓解：

System.Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("windir", System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SystemRoot"), EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);

当我没有设置目标时，我的 Windows 会话发生了非常奇怪的事情，需要我注销并登录甚至重新启动。因此，除非此更改确实是在机器或过程级别，否则不要假设默认的结果令人满意

c# - WPF 窗口在启动时抛出 TypeInitializationException

3 回答 3

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