unix - 如何撤消 tar 操作？

Question

我使用了tar -cvf sample_directory/*并没有指定 file.tar.gz。所以文件夹中的 Makefile 是某种不可读的格式。有没有办法恢复我的 Makefile？

Answer 1

The Makefile within the folder contains the output from the tar command, so it's not "some unreadable format", it's gzipped tar format. that tar archive won't contain your missing Makefile though.

The comments about recovering the Makefile from your backups or from your version control system are apt. This is in fact what you need to do.

If you don't have a backup or the Makefile wasn't checked in to a version control system, then there isn't a feasible way to recover its contents.

Aside from the issue of your poor lost Makefile, a piece of advice about using tar: never tar up a bunch of individual files inside a directory. Always tar up the directory itself instead. There is not much more annoying than untarring an archive that contains a big bunch or files instead of a single directory (which then contains files). Doing that makes a mess by littering files all over the directory that happens to be the current directory. Please be nice to whoever is going to extract your tar files (which might be yourself, later on!), follow convention, and tar up complete directories.

tar -czf file.tar.gz sample_directory

As a bonus, if you do it that way, and you forget the output filename like this:

tar -czf sample_directory

You won't squash anything, you'll just get an error.