12

我正在寻找使用 exiftool 从我的照片和视频中扫描 EXIF 标签。它是一个 perl 可执行文件。对此进行推断的最佳方法是什么?是否有任何 Python 库可以做到这一点?还是我应该直接调用可执行文件并解析输出?(后者似乎很脏。)谢谢。

我问的原因是因为我目前使用的是 pyexiv2,它不支持视频。Perl 的 exiftool 对图像和视频的支持非常广泛,我想使用它。

4

2 回答 2

34

为避免为每个图像启动新进程,您应该开始exiftool使用该-stay_open标志。然后,您可以通过标准输入向进程发送命令,并在标准输出上读取输出。ExifTool 支持 JSON 输出,这可能是读取元数据的最佳选择。

这是一个简单的类,它启动一个exiftool进程并提供一种execute()向该进程发送命令的方法。我还包括get_metadata()以 JSON 格式读取元数据:

import subprocess
import os
import json

class ExifTool(object):

    sentinel = "{ready}\n"

    def __init__(self, executable="/usr/bin/exiftool"):
        self.executable = executable

    def __enter__(self):
        self.process = subprocess.Popen(
            [self.executable, "-stay_open", "True",  "-@", "-"],
            stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        return self

    def  __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
        self.process.stdin.write("-stay_open\nFalse\n")
        self.process.stdin.flush()

    def execute(self, *args):
        args = args + ("-execute\n",)
        self.process.stdin.write(str.join("\n", args))
        self.process.stdin.flush()
        output = ""
        fd = self.process.stdout.fileno()
        while not output.endswith(self.sentinel):
            output += os.read(fd, 4096)
        return output[:-len(self.sentinel)]

    def get_metadata(self, *filenames):
        return json.loads(self.execute("-G", "-j", "-n", *filenames))

此类被编写为上下文管理器,以确保完成后退出进程。您可以将其用作

with ExifTool() as e:
    metadata = e.get_metadata(*filenames)

为 python 3 编辑:要让它在 python 3 中工作,需要进行两个小改动。第一个是对 的附加参数subprocess.Popen

self.process = subprocess.Popen(
         [self.executable, "-stay_open", "True",  "-@", "-"],
         universal_newlines=True,
         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

第二个是您必须解码返回的字节系列os.read()

output += os.read(fd, 4096).decode('utf-8')

为 Windows 编辑:要使其在 Windows 上运行,sentinel需要更改为"{ready}\r\n",即

sentinel = "{ready}\r\n"

否则程序将挂起,因为 execute() 中的 while 循环不会停止

于 2012-04-09T15:04:24.160 回答
0

以此为参考...

import subprocess
import os
import json

class ExifTool(object):

    sentinel = "{ready}\n"

    def __init__(self, executable="/usr/bin/exiftool"):
        self.executable = executable

    def __enter__(self):
        self.process = subprocess.Popen(
            [self.executable, "-stay_open", "True",  "-@", "-"],
            stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        return self

    def  __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
        self.process.stdin.write("-stay_open\nFalse\n")
        self.process.stdin.flush()

    def execute(self, *args):
        args = args + ("-execute\n",)
        self.process.stdin.write(str.join("\n", args))
        self.process.stdin.flush()
        output = ""
        fd = self.process.stdout.fileno()
        while not output.endswith(self.sentinel):
            output += os.read(fd, 4096)
        return output[:-len(self.sentinel)]

    def get_metadata(self, *filenames):
        return json.loads(self.execute("-G", "-j", "-n", *filenames))

... 使用 Python 3.8.10 和 IPYTHON 返回跟随错误;

" 56 57 e = ExifTool() ---> 58 e.load_metadata_lookup('/u02/RECOVERY/') 中的 AttributeError Traceback (最近一次调用最后一次)

在 load_metadata_lookup(self, locDir) 51 '\n FILELOC > ', FileLoc, '\n') 52 ---> 53 self.get_metadata(FileLoc) 54 55

在 get_metadata(self, FileLoc) 38 39 def get_metadata(self, FileLoc): ---> 40 return json.loads(self.execute("-G", "-j", "-n", FileLoc)) 41 42

在执行(自我,*args)28 def执行(自我,*args):29 args = args +(“-execute\n”,)---> 30 self.process.stdin.write(str.join(“ \n", args)) 31 self.process.stdin.flush() 32 输出 = ""

AttributeError:“ExifTool”对象没有属性“进程”

...

然后进行一些修改......成功!... 使用 [https://stackoverflow.com/users/279627/sven-marnach] 进行修改和改编

#!/usr/local/bin/python3
#! -*- coding: utf-8-mb4 -*-
from __future__ import absolute_import

import sys
import os
import subprocess
import json

headers_infos = """
.:.
.:. box33 | systems | platform |
.:. [   Renan Moura     ]
.:. [   ver.: 9.1.2-b   ]
.:.
"""

class ExifTool(object):
    sentinel = "{ready}\n"
    def __init__(self):
        self.executable         = "/usr/bin/exiftool"
        self.metadata_lookup    = {}

    def  __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
        self.process.stdin.write("-stay_open\nFalse\n")
        self.process.stdin.flush()

    def execute(self, *args):
        self.process = subprocess.Popen([self.executable, "-stay_open", "True",  "-@", "-"],
            universal_newlines  = True                          ,
            stdin               = subprocess.PIPE               ,
            stdout              = subprocess.PIPE               ,
            stderr              = subprocess.STDOUT
        )

        args = (args + ("-execute\n",))

        self.process.stdin.write(str.join("\n", args))
        self.process.stdin.flush()

        output  = ""
        fd      = self.process.stdout.fileno()

        while not output.endswith(self.sentinel):
            output += os.read(fd, 4096).decode('utf-8')

        return output[:-len(self.sentinel)]

    def get_metadata(self, *FileLoc):
        return json.loads(self.execute("-G", "-j", "-n", *FileLoc))

    def load_metadata_lookup(self, locDir):
        self.metadata_lookup = {}
        for dirname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(locDir):
            for filename in filenames:
                FileLoc=(dirname + '/' + filename)
                print(  '\n FILENAME    > ', filename,
                        '\n DIRNAMES    > ', dirnames,
                        '\n DIRNAME     > ', dirname,
                        '\n FILELOC     > ', FileLoc, '\n')

                self.metadata_lookup = self.get_metadata(FileLoc)
                print(json.dumps(self.metadata_lookup, indent=3))

e = ExifTool()
e.load_metadata_lookup('/u02/RECOVERY/')

...注意此代码ll来自“/u02/RECOVERY/” ...目录查找并在找到的每个文档上执行...希望这可以帮助您...

于 2021-11-12T02:20:32.313 回答