介绍
正如我之前指出的，以下解决方案针对您的即时需求进行了过度设计，因为
它是为我的需求而设计的，这些需求比您在问题中列出的更多样化：
- 我正在更换银行，所以我有两个活期（支票）账户和两个信用卡账户。我也有一些储蓄账户。我持有所有这些账户的电子报表，它们有不同的格式，跨越几个工作簿。
- 与我收到的相比，您的示例陈述非常简洁。这些是最近万事达卡声明中的一些描述，我将其整理为“组织名称，位置”的首选格式。
.
SAINSBURY'S S/MKT MONKS CROSS
Amazon *Mktplce EU-UK AMAZON.CO.UK LUX
WRAP LOUGHBOROUGH
SAINSBURYS PETROL MONKS CROSS
- 像你一样，我对交易进行分类。
- 一些组织每年提前或每季度提前或拖欠账单。我的收入每个月都不一样。对于这些交易，我将金额分配到适当的月份，以便结果更好地反映我的真实财务状况。
我对这些多重要求的解决方案是为每个帐户设置一个控制例程，该例程知道它在哪里以及每列的用途。这些调用接受工作簿、工作表等作为参数并执行必要的转换和添加的常规例程。这些转换和添加的核心是一个我称之为“规则”的工作表，它包含三列：
RuleType A code such as "OrgCat"
In-keyword A string, such as "Starbucks", to be found in a text column
Out-keyword A string, such as "Coffee", to be returned if the In-keyword
is found
我使用的其他规则类型包括：
"OrgOrg" Convert an organisation name used in the source statement to my
preferred name for the organisation.
"CatPer" Return a code identifying the apportioning rule for a category. For
example, "Utility" returns "B3" (Back 3) because my utility bills
are issued for three months in arrears.
在您的问题中，您有帐户的“场景版本”和帐户的“需要版本”。我假设您已经手动创建了帐户的“需要版本”，这样您就可以看到它的样子。我提供了一个宏 CopyFromAcctToRule()，它可以处理您帐户的“需要版本”，验证和提取“OrgCat”类型的规则。如果没有发现错误，则将提取的规则输出到工作表“规则”，并将“需要版本”转换为“场景版本”。如果您尚未创建“需要版本”，我怀疑最简单的方法是创建部分“需要版本”，如下所示：
| A | B | C | D | E |
================================================================
| Date | Description | Amount | Category | Rule |
| 04/08/12 | Starbucks NYC | -$5.42 | Coffee | Starbucks |
| 04/09/12 | Wal-Mart 468 | -$54.32 | Supermarket | Wal-Mart |
| 04/10/12 | Starbucks SF | -$3.68 | | |
| 04/11/12 | Wal-Mart 512 |-$123.45 | | |
即找到第一家星巴克，填写其Category和Rule；找到第一家沃尔玛并填写其类别和规则；等等。运行 CopyFromAcctToRule()，它将在“G”列中显示您错过的不一致和组织的错误消息。对于一次性，填写类别但将规则留空。重复，修复错误并运行 CopyFromAcctToRule()，直到它没有发现错误并创建工作表“规则”。注意：缺少的类别在此阶段不会添加；这发生在下面。
我提供了一个宏 FillDerivedCol()，通过完成“场景版本”帐户的 Category 列来演示我如何使用它。如果您不想创建部分“需要版本”，FillDerivedCol() 提供了另一种方法。如果找不到描述的类别，它会将描述复制到工作表“规则”的底部。例如，假设您拼错了针对星巴克的规则，“规则”将被修改为：
| A | B | C |
===========================================
| Type | In keyword | Out keyword |
| OrgCat | Sarbucks | Coffee |
| OrgCat | Wal-Mart | Supermarket |
| OrgCat | Starbucks NYC | |
| OrgCat | Starbucks SF | |
也就是说，星巴克的每个分店都会有一个新的行。在这里，最简单的方法是更正 Sarbucks 行并删除新行。但是，如果是新组织，您可以编辑 In-keyword 以删除分支信息，然后在 Out-keyword 列中输入 Category。警告：我的答案超过了 30,000 个字符的限制。我不得不编辑这些例程以删除诊断代码。我希望我在执行此操作时没有引入任何错误。
我希望这很有用。祝你好运。
全球的
上述两个宏都使用这些全局常量和例程。我将它们放在自己的模块中，但这是您的选择。
Option Explicit
' I use constant for objects such as column numbers which are fixed
' for long periods but which might change. Any code using a column
' that has moved can be updated by changing the constant.
Public Const ColRuleType As Long = 1
Public Const ColRuleKeywordIn As Long = 2
Public Const ColRuleKeywordOut As Long = 3
Public Const ColRuleLast As Long = 3
Public Const RowRuleDataFirst As Long = 2
' Rules are accumulated in this array by CopyFromAcctToRule
' Rules are loaded to this array by UpdateNewTransactions
' See GetRuleDetails() for a description of this array.
Public RuleData() As Variant
Public Sub GetRuleDetails(ByVal RuleType As String, ByVal SrcText As String, _
ByRef KeywordIn As String, ByRef KeywordOut As String, _
Optional ByRef RowRuleSrc As Long)
' This routine performs a case-insensive search of a list of in-keywords for
' one that is present in SrcText. If one is found, it returns the in-keyword
' and the matching out-keyword.
' This routine uses the previously prepared array RuleData. Since RuleData
' is to be loaded to, or has been loaded from, a worksheet, the first
' dimension is for the rows and the second dimension is for the columns.
' RuleData has three columns:
' * RuleType: a code identifying a type of rule. Only rows in RuleData for
' which this column matches the parameter RuleType will be considered.
' * KeywordIn: a string. The first row in RuleData where the value of this
' column is contained within parameter SrcText is the selected Rule.
' * KeywordOut: a string.
' Input parameters
' * RuleType: Foe example, the rule type "OrgCat" will return a
' category for an organisation.
' * SrcText: The text field to be searched for the in keyword.
' Output parameters
' * KeywordIn: The value from the KeywordIn column of RuleData for the first
' row of RuleData of the required RuleType for which the KeywordIn value can
' be found in Desc. The value in SrcText may be of any case although it is
' likely to be capitalised. This value is the preferred display value.
' * KeywordOut: The value from the KeywordOut column of RuleData of the
' selected row. For this routine, KeywordOut is a string with no
' significance. It is the calling routine that understands the rule type.
' * RowRuleSrc: Only used during build of RuleData so the caller can access
' non-standard data held in RuleData during build.
Dim LCSrcText As String
Dim RowRuleCrnt As Long
LCSrcText = LCase(SrcText)
For RowRuleCrnt = RowRuleDataFirst To UBound(RuleData, 1)
If RuleData(RowRuleCrnt, ColRuleKeywordIn) = "" Then
' Empty row. This indicated end of table during build
KeywordIn = ""
KeywordOut = ""
Exit Sub
End If
If RuleType = RuleData(RowRuleCrnt, ColRuleType) Then
' This row is for the required type of rule
If InStr(1, LCSrcText, _
LCase(RuleData(RowRuleCrnt, ColRuleKeywordIn))) <> 0 Then
' Have found first rule with KeywordIn contained within SrcText
KeywordIn = RuleData(RowRuleCrnt, ColRuleKeywordIn)
KeywordOut = RuleData(RowRuleCrnt, ColRuleKeywordOut)
If Not IsEmpty(RowRuleSrc) Then
RowRuleSrc = RowRuleCrnt
End If
Exit Sub
End If
End If
Next
' No rule found
KeywordIn = ""
KeywordOut = ""
End Sub
提取规则并将帐户从需要转换为 Scenerio 样式
有关如何使用此例程的详细信息，请参阅简介。一旦您为现有交易建立了工作表“规则”，此代码可能没有进一步的价值。我会把它放在它自己的模块中，这样它就可以在使用后存档和删除。此代码假定工作表“Rule”和“Matt's Acct”在同一个工作簿中。我建议您复制您的帐户，创建工作表“规则”，然后在复制帐户上运行 CallCopyFromAcctRule() 并评估结果。警告：你在我使用“in-keyword”的地方使用“rule”；我试图在我的评论和错误消息中保持一致，但不能保证我有。
Option Explicit
Sub CallCopyFromAcctRule()
' This routine exists simply to make it easy to change the names of the
' worksheets accessed by CallCopyFromAcctRule.
Call CopyFromAcctToRule("Rule", "Matt's Acct")
End Sub
Sub CopyFromAcctToRule(ByVal Rule As String, ByVal Acct As String)
' * This routine builds the worksheet Rule from worksheet Acct.
' * It works down worksheet Acct extracting rules from rows where
' there is both a Rule and a Category. Note: this routine does not
' distinguish between Manual and Automatic Categories although, if both are
' present, they must be the same.
' * The routine checks for a variety of error and possible error conditions.
' Error and warning messages are placed in columns defined by ColAcctError
' and ColAcctWarn.
' * If any errors are found, the routine does not change either worksheet
' Acct, apart from adding error messages, or worksheet Rule.
' * If no errors are found, worksheet Rule is cleared and the contents of
' RuleData written to it.
' * If no errors are found, any warning added to worksheet Acct are discarded
' and the following additional changes made:
' * The values in the Automatic category column are merged into the Manual
' category column which is relabelled "Category".
' * The Rule and Automatic category columns are cleared.
Dim ColAcctCatAuto As Long
Dim ColAcctCatMan As Long
Dim ColAcctCrnt As Long
Dim ColAcctDesc As Long
Dim ColAcctError As Long
Dim ColAcctRule As Long
Dim ColAcctWarn As Long
Dim ColRuleRowSrc As Long
Dim DescCrnt As String
Dim ErrorFoundAll As Boolean
Dim ErrorFoundCrnt As Boolean
Dim KeywordInCrnt As String
Dim KeywordInRetn As String
Dim KeywordOutCrnt As String
Dim KeywordOutRetn As String
Dim RowAcctCrnt As Long
Dim RowAcctDataFirst As Long
Dim RowAcctLast As Long
Dim RowRuleCrntMax As Long
Dim RowRuleSrc As Long
' These column values must be changed if the true value do not match those
' in the example in the question.
ColAcctDesc = 2
ColAcctCatMan = 4
ColAcctRule = 5
ColAcctCatAuto = 6
ColAcctError = 8
ColAcctWarn = 9
ColRuleRowSrc = ColRuleLast + 1
RowAcctDataFirst = 2
With Worksheets(Acct)
RowAcctLast = .Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell).Row
' Size the array for the output data ready to be loaded to worksheet
' Rule with rows as the first dimension. Allow for the maximum number of
' rows because an array cannot be resized to change the number of
' elements in the first dimension. Allow an extra column for use during
' the build process.
ReDim RuleData(1 To RowAcctLast, 1 To ColRuleRowSrc)
RuleData(1, ColRuleType) = "Type"
RuleData(1, ColRuleKeywordIn) = "In keyword"
RuleData(1, ColRuleKeywordOut) = "Out keyword"
RowRuleCrntMax = 1 ' Last currently used row
With .Cells(1, ColAcctError)
.Value = "Error"
.Font.Bold = True
End With
With .Cells(1, ColAcctWarn)
.Value = "Warning"
.Font.Bold = True
End With
ErrorFoundAll = False
For RowAcctCrnt = RowAcctDataFirst To RowAcctLast
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = "" ' Clear any error or warning
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctWarn).Value = "" ' from previous run
ErrorFoundCrnt = False
' Determine Category, if any
If .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatMan).Value = "" Then
' There is no manual category.
If .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatAuto).Value <> "" Then
KeywordOutCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatAuto).Value
Else
' Neither manual nor automatic category
KeywordOutCrnt = ""
End If
Else
' There is a manual category. Is it consistent with automatic category?
KeywordOutCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatMan).Value
If .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatAuto).Value <> "" Then
' Automatic category exists. It must be the same
' as the manual category to be valid.
If LCase(KeywordOutCrnt) <> _
LCase(.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatAuto).Value) Then
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"Manual and automatic categories different"
End If
End If
End If
If Not ErrorFoundCrnt Then
' Match Rule, if any, against Category, if any
KeywordInCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctRule).Value
If KeywordInCrnt <> "" Then
' This row has keyword
If KeywordOutCrnt = "" Then
' Rule but no Category
DescCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctDesc).Value
Call GetRuleDetails("OrgCat", DescCrnt, KeywordInRetn, KeywordOutRetn)
If KeywordInRetn <> "" Then
' Rule found that would generate a category for this Keyword.
' No warning necessary
Else
' No rule found that would generate a category for this keyword
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"There is no existing rule that would " & _
"generate a Category from this Rule"
End If
Else
' Both Rule and Category found
' Is match already recorded?
DescCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctDesc).Value
Call GetRuleDetails("OrgCat", DescCrnt, KeywordInRetn, _
KeywordOutRetn, RowRuleSrc)
If KeywordInRetn <> "" Then
If KeywordInCrnt <> KeywordInRetn Then
' A different rule would be applied to this Description
If InStr(1, LCase(DescCrnt), LCase(KeywordInCrnt)) = 0 Then
' The current Rule is not within the Description
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"The Rule in column " & Chr(64 + ColAcctRule) & _
" is not within the Description. The Rule " & _
"from row " & RowRuleSrc & " would generate " & _
"the required Category '" & KeywordOutRetn & _
"' from this Description"
Else
' The current Rule is within the Description
If LCase(KeywordOutRetn) = LCase(KeywordOutCrnt) Then
' It would generate the same category
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"The Rule in column " & Chr(64 + ColAcctRule) & _
" is within the Description but the Rule from " & _
"row " & RowRuleSrc & " would be selected to " & _
"generate the required Category '" & _
KeywordOutRetn & "' from this Description"
Else
' It would generate a different category
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"The Rule in column " & Chr(64 + ColAcctRule) & _
" is within the Description but the Rule from " & _
"row " & RowRuleSrc & " would be selected to " & _
"generate Category '" & KeywordOutRetn & _
"', not Category '" & KeywordOutCrnt & _
"', from this " & "Description"
End If
End If
Else
' Rule already recorded
If LCase(KeywordOutRetn) = LCase(KeywordOutCrnt) Then
' Rule already recorded for this category. No action required.
Else
' Rule already recorded but not for this category
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"The rule from row " & RowRuleSrc & _
" would generate category """ & _
KeywordOutRetn & """ for this Rule"
End If
End If
Else
' New rule
RowRuleCrntMax = RowRuleCrntMax + 1
RuleData(RowRuleCrntMax, ColRuleType) = "OrgCat"
RuleData(RowRuleCrntMax, ColRuleKeywordOut) = KeywordOutCrnt
RuleData(RowRuleCrntMax, ColRuleKeywordIn) = KeywordInCrnt
RuleData(RowRuleCrntMax, ColRuleRowSrc) = RowAcctCrnt
End If
End If ' If CatCrnt = ""
Else
' No keyword
If KeywordOutCrnt = "" Then
' No Keyword and no Category
DescCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctDesc).Value
If DescCrnt = "" Then
' Probably a blank line. Ignore
Else
' Would an existing rule generate a Category for Description
Call GetRuleDetails("OrgCat", DescCrnt, KeywordInRetn, KeywordOutRetn)
If KeywordInRetn = "" Then
' No rule found that would generate a category
' for this description
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"There is no rule that would generate " & _
"a Category from this Description"
Else
' Rule found that would generate a category for
' this description.
End If
End If
Else
' No Keyword but have Category
' Check for a rule that would give current category
' from current description
DescCrnt = .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctDesc).Value
Call GetRuleDetails("OrgCat", DescCrnt, KeywordInRetn, _
KeywordOutRetn, RowRuleSrc)
If KeywordInRetn <> "" Then
' Have found a rule for the description
If LCase(KeywordOutRetn) = LCase(KeywordOutCrnt) Then
' Rule generates current category
Else
' Rule does not generate current category
ErrorFoundCrnt = True
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctError).Value = _
"The rule from row " & RuleData(RowRuleSrc, ColRuleRowSrc) & _
" would generate Category '" & KeywordOutRetn & _
"' from this Description"
End If
Else
' There is no rule for this Description. This is not necessarily
' an error. The category may have to be set manually.
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctWarn).Value = _
"There is no rule that would generate " & _
"this Category from this Description"
End If
End If ' If KeywordOutCrnt = ""
End If ' KeywordInCrnt <> ""
End If ' If Not ErrorFoundCrnt
If ErrorFoundCrnt Then
ErrorFoundAll = True
End If
Next
End With
If ErrorFoundAll Then
Exit Sub
End If
' No errors found
' Clear existing contents from worksheet Rule and load with RuleData
With Worksheets(Rule)
.Cells.EntireRow.Delete
.Range(.Cells(1, 1), .Cells(RowRuleCrntMax, _
ColRuleKeywordOut)).Value = RuleData
.Range("A1:C1").Font.Bold = True
.Columns.AutoFit
End With
With Worksheets(Acct)
' Merge values from automatic category column into manual category column
For RowAcctCrnt = 2 To RowAcctLast
If .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatMan).Value = "" Then
' There is no manual category so set to automatic category.
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatMan).Value = _
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColAcctCatAuto).Value
End If
Next
' Clear automatic category
.Columns(ColAcctCatAuto).ClearContents
' Change column heading
With .Cells(1, ColAcctCatMan)
.Value = "Category"
.Font.Bold = True
End With
' Clear Error and Warning columns
.Columns(ColAcctError).ClearContents ' Only heading to clear
.Columns(ColAcctWarn).ClearContents
' Clear Rule column
.Columns(ColAcctRule).ClearContents
End With
End Sub
完成您的场景版本帐户的类别列
这演示了我如何为新交易填写类别列。
Option Explicit
Sub CallFillDerivedCol()
' I use FillDerivedCol() on worksheets loaded with transactions for different
' accounts. They are in different workbooks, different worksheets and have
' different columns. This routine exists to call FillDerivedCol() for my
' test version of your account
Call FillDerivedCol(ActiveWorkbook, "Rule", _
ActiveWorkbook, "Matt's Acct", "OrgCat", 2, 4)
' For this example, I had the rules and the account in same workbook. To
' have them in different workbooks, as I normally do, you will need something
' like:
' Dim PathCrnt As String
' Dim WBookOrig As Workbook
' Dim WBookOther As Workbook
' Set WBookOrig = ActiveWorkbook
' PathCrnt = ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\"
' Set WBookOther = Workbooks.Open(PathCrnt & "xxxxxxx")
' Call FillDerivedCol(WBookOrig, "Rule", _
' WBookOther, "Matt's Acct", "OrgCat", 2, 4)
' WBookOther.Close SaveChanges:=True
End Sub
Sub FillDerivedCol(ByVal WBookRule As Workbook, ByVal WSheetRule As String, _
ByVal WBookTrans As Workbook, ByVal WSheetTrans As String, _
ByVal RuleType As String, _
ByVal ColSrc As Long, ByVal ColDest As Long)
' Fill any gaps in WBookTrans.Worksheets(WSheetTrans).Columns(ColDest) based on
' rules in worksheet WBookRule.Worksheets(WSheetRule).
' WBook.Worksheets(WSheetTrans).Columns(ColSrc) is a text field which
' contains in-keywords. Rules of type RuleType convert in-keywords to
' out-keywords which are the values required for .Columns(ColDest).
Dim CellEmptyDest As Range
Dim KeywordIn As String
Dim KeywordOut As String
Dim MissingRule() As Variant
Dim RowAcctCrnt As Long
Dim RowAcctPrev As Long
Dim RowMissingCrntMax As Long
Dim RowRuleLast As Long
' Load array RuleData from worksheet Rule
With WBookRule.Worksheets(WSheetRule)
RowRuleLast = .Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row
RuleData = .Range(.Cells(1, 1), .Cells(RowRuleLast, ColRuleLast)).Value
End With
' * Prepare MissingRule() in case any calls to GetRuleDetails() fails to
' find a known in-keyword in WBook.Worksheets(WSheetName).Columns(ColDest).
' * The number of occurrences of the first dimension cannot be changed. 500
' is intended to be more occurrences than could possible be needed. If
' more than 500 missing rules are found, only the first 500 will be added
' to worksheet "Rule" This routine can be immediately run again to add
' another 500 missing rules.
ReDim MissingRule(1 To 500, 1 To ColRuleLast)
RowMissingCrntMax = 0
With WBookTrans
With .Worksheets(WSheetTrans)
RowAcctPrev = 1
' Find the next empty cell in column ColDest for a transaction row
Set CellEmptyDest = .Columns(ColDest).Find(What:="", _
After:=.Cells(RowAcctPrev, ColDest), LookIn:=xlFormulas, _
LookAt:=xlWhole, SearchOrder:=xlByRows, _
SearchDirection:=xlNext, MatchCase:=False, _
SearchFormat:=False)
Do While True
If CellEmptyDest Is Nothing Then
' No empty cell found in column. This is not a realistic situation
' because it would require every row in the worksheet to have a value.
Exit Do
End If
RowAcctCrnt = CellEmptyDest.Row
If RowAcctCrnt < RowAcctPrev Then
' Have looped back to the top. This is not a realistic situation
' because it would require every row in the worksheet to have a value.
Exit Do
End If
If .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColSrc).Value = "" Then
' This row has no value in either the source or the destination
' columns. Assume all transactions finished
Exit Do
End If
Call GetRuleDetails(RuleType, .Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColSrc).Value, _
KeywordIn, KeywordOut)
If KeywordIn = "" Then
' No in-keyword found within source column. Add source column value
' to MissingData for user to edit.
If RowMissingCrntMax >= UBound(MissingRule, 1) Then
' All available rows in MissingRule already used
Else
RowMissingCrntMax = RowMissingCrntMax + 1
MissingRule(RowMissingCrntMax, ColRuleType) = RuleType
MissingRule(RowMissingCrntMax, ColRuleKeywordIn) = _
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColSrc).Value
End If
Else
.Cells(RowAcctCrnt, ColDest).Value = KeywordOut
End If
RowAcctPrev = RowAcctCrnt
Set CellEmptyDest = .Columns(ColDest).FindNext(CellEmptyDest)
Loop
End With
End With
If RowMissingCrntMax > 0 Then
' Transactions found for which no rule exists. Add to worksheet "Rule"
' for attention by the user.
With WBookRule.Worksheets(WSheetRule)
RowRuleLast = .Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row
.Range(.Cells(RowRuleLast + 1, 1), _
.Cells(RowRuleLast + RowMissingCrntMax, ColRuleLast)).Value _
= MissingRule
End With
End If
End Sub