首先，让我们隔离这里遇到的异常：
private final int launcherPort = PortProber.findFreePort();
...
public OperaLauncherRunner(OperaSettings s) {
super(s);
// Locate the bundled launcher from OperaLaunchers project and copy it to its default location
// on users system if it's not there or outdated
bundledLauncher =
OperaLaunchers.class.getClassLoader().getResource("launchers/" + launcherNameForOS());
if (bundledLauncher == null) {
throw new OperaRunnerException("Not able to locate bundled launcher: " + bundledLauncher);
}
if (settings.getLauncher() == launcherDefaultLocation() &&
(!settings.getLauncher().exists() || isLauncherOutdated(settings.getLauncher()))) {
extractLauncher(bundledLauncher, settings.getLauncher());
}
makeLauncherExecutable(settings.getLauncher());
// Find an available Opera if present
if (settings.getBinary() == null) {
settings.setBinary(new File(OperaPaths.operaPath()));
}
// Create list of arguments for launcher binary
ImmutableList<String> arguments = buildArguments();
logger.config("launcher arguments: " + arguments);
try {
launcherRunner = new OperaLauncherBinary(settings.getLauncher().getPath(),
arguments.toArray(new String[]{}));
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new OperaRunnerException("Unable to start launcher: " + e.getMessage());
}
logger.fine("Waiting for launcher connection on port " + launcherPort);
try {
// Setup listener server
ServerSocket listenerServer = new ServerSocket(launcherPort);
listenerServer.setSoTimeout((int) OperaIntervals.LAUNCHER_TIMEOUT.getValue());
// Try to connect
launcherProtocol = new OperaLauncherProtocol(listenerServer.accept());
// We did it!
logger.fine("Connected with launcher on port " + launcherPort);
listenerServer.close();
// Do the handshake!
LauncherHandshakeRequest.Builder request = LauncherHandshakeRequest.newBuilder();
ResponseEncapsulation res = launcherProtocol.sendRequest(
MessageType.MSG_HELLO, request.build().toByteArray());
// Are we happy?
if (res.isSuccess()) {
logger.finer("Got launcher handshake: " + res.getResponse().toString());
} else {
throw new OperaRunnerException(
"Did not get launcher handshake: " + res.getResponse().toString());
}
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
throw new OperaRunnerException("Timeout waiting for launcher to connect on port " +
launcherPort, e);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new OperaRunnerException("Unable to listen to launcher port " + launcherPort, e);
}
}
我们从这段代码中学到了一些东西：
private final int launcherPort =PortProber.findFreePort();设置我们的launcherPort，并且这个变量唯一地用于建立连接。
实际上，您的配置opera.port在此块中被完全忽略。这似乎不太理想，它可能确实是一个错误或意外的回归。
一旦我们建立了本地端口，就会立即进行连接尝试：
// Setup listener server
ServerSocket listenerServer = new ServerSocket(launcherPort);
listenerServer.setSoTimeout((int) OperaIntervals.LAUNCHER_TIMEOUT.getValue());
// Try to connect
launcherProtocol = new OperaLauncherProtocol(listenerServer.accept());
所以，我们有一个与本地服务器紧密耦合的绑定。该端口被忽略，取而代之的是您系统上的空闲端口，但同时，它应该始终能够使用该端口。
如果您的防火墙确实没有阻止连接（正如您所讨论的），假设您希望 Opera 以编程方式连接，而不是手动打开连接。
根据一些文档，opera.host带有以下警告：
opera.host (String) Opera 应该连接的主机。除非您手动启动 Opera，否则您将不需要它。
（另外强调我的。）
不用说，警告与我有关。同样，尽管它明显不适用：
opera.port (Integer) Opera 应该连接的端口。0 = 随机，-1 = Opera 默认值（用于 Opera > 12）。
（另外强调我的。）
简而言之：尝试运行您的应用程序，如下所示：
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities.opera();
capabilities.setCapability("opera.binary", "/path/to/your/opera");
capabilities.setCapability("opera.log.level", "CONFIG");
WebDriver driver = new OperaDriver(capabilities);
如果这不起作用，则说明您的项目或当前的 Opera 二进制文件有其他问题，无论是版本相关还是其他问题。