我正在使用 arm-none-eabi-gcc/g++ 工具链为 ARM Cortex_M7 编译裸机 C++，它工作正常，在我的板上闪烁漂亮的固件。
现在，当/如果我想包含“好旧的”C++<mutex>, <queue>, <iostream>...文件时，我会遇到编译错误的瀑布（我不会费心粘贴到这里，因为我知道这些不相关..）
这是预期的吗，因为这些根本不可用，我应该作为一个男人，像我现在所做的那样自己编写自己的队列、互斥体、...类（听起来有点像重新发明轮子）还是我缺少“系统根”？但是……世界上每一个 ARM-Cortex_Mx 架构都有这样的东西吗？
我可能对在 sysroot、std、linux 之间阅读此内容感到困惑，也许我需要下载一个适当的工具链（arm-none-linux-gnueabi-g++？），其中包含一个特定的“sysroot”（包含我的所有包含和库）目标）因为我在Linux 环境中编译，即使我的目标不会在 Linux（裸机）上运行？
恐怕我不能用谷歌搜索合适的主题（或者用谷歌搜索错误？）
感谢您的澄清！
编辑：
包含 and 时出错：
$~>制作
CXX obj/src/hot_queue.o
在 /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/ext/string_conversions.h:43 包含的文件中，
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/bits/basic_string.h:6493, from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/string:55, from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/stdexcept:39, from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/array:39, from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/tuple:39, from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/mutex:38, from src/hot_queue.hpp:27, from src/hot_queue.cpp:29:/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/cstdio:127:11: 错误：'::printf' 尚未声明
127 | 使用 ::printf;
| ^~~~~~
/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/cstdio:134:11: 错误：'::scanf' 尚未声明 134 | 使用 ::scanf;
| ^~~~~
make: *** [mak/Makefile.sam.in:359: obj/src/hot_queue.o] 错误 1
实际上，另一个很好的例子是：这次 g++确实找到了正确的文件……但无法编译它……宏错误：
~> make
CXX obj/src/hot_can.o
CXX obj/src/hot_main.o
In file included from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/vector:60,
from src/hot_can.hpp:28,
from src/hot_can.cpp:30:
/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:246:56: error: macro "min" passed 3 arguments, but takes just 2
246 | min(const _Tp& __a, const _Tp& __b, _Compare __comp)
| ^
In file included from ./sam/boards/samv71_xplained_ultra/samv71_xplained_ultra.h:40,
from src/hot_can.cpp:24:
./sam/utils/compiler.h:810: note: macro "min" defined here
810 | #define min(a, b) Min(a, b)
|
In file included from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/vector:60,
from src/hot_can.hpp:28,
from src/hot_can.cpp:30:
/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:268:56: error: macro "max" passed 3 arguments, but takes just 2
268 | max(const _Tp& __a, const _Tp& __b, _Compare __comp)
| ^
In file included from ./sam/boards/samv71_xplained_ultra/samv71_xplained_ultra.h:40,
from src/hot_can.cpp:24:
./sam/utils/compiler.h:821: note: macro "max" defined here
821 | #define max(a, b) Max(a, b)
|
In file included from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/vector:60,
from src/hot_can.hpp:28,
from src/hot_main.cpp:36:
/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:246:56: error: macro "min" passed 3 arguments, but takes just 2
246 | min(const _Tp& __a, const _Tp& __b, _Compare __comp)
编辑：
包括在我的代码中：
CXX obj/src/hot_tmc.o
arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m7 -mthumb -D__SAMV71Q21B__ -O1 -DDEBUG -D__SAMV71Q21B__ -Dscanf=iscanf -DARM_MATH_CM7=true -Dprintf=iprintf -DBOARD=SAMV71_XPLAINED_ULTRA -I./src -I./inc -I./lib -I./com/boards -I./com/services/clock -I./com/services/gpio -I./com/services/ioport -I./com/services/sleepmgr -I./com/services/sleepmgr/sam -I./com/services/serial -I./com/services/serial/sam_uart -I./com/utils -I./com/utils/stdio/stdio_serial -I./sam/boards -I./sam/boards/samv71_xplained_ultra -I./sam/drivers -I./sam/drivers/afec -I./sam/drivers/matrix -I./sam/drivers/mcan -I./sam/drivers/mpu -I./sam/drivers/pio -I./sam/drivers/pmc -I./sam/drivers/tc -I./sam/drivers/uart -I./sam/drivers/usart -I./sam/utils -I./sam/utils/cmsis/samv71/source/templates -I./sam/utils/fpu -I./sam/utils/header_files -I./sam/utils/cmsis/samv71/include -I./sam/utils/preprocessor -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=fpv5-sp-d16 -mlong-calls -std=gnu++17 -pipe -Wall -Wpointer-arith -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-strict-aliasing -Wmain -Wparentheses -Wchar-subscripts -Wcomment -Wformat=2 -Wsequence-point -Wreturn-type -Wswitch -Wtrigraphs -Wunused -Wuninitialized -Wunknown-pragmas -Wfloat-equal -Wundef -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wmissing-declarations -Wsign-compare -Waggregate-return -Wformat -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Wpacked -Wredundant-decls -Wlong-long -Wunreachable-code -Wcast-align --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -g3 -MD -MP -MQ obj/src/hot_tmc.o -c src/hot_tmc.cpp -o obj/src/hot_tmc.o
In file included from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/ext/string_conversions.h:43,
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/bits/basic_string.h:6493,
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/string:55,
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/stdexcept:39,
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/array:39,
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/tuple:39,
from /usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/mutex:38,
from src/hot_tmc.cpp:26:
/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/cstdio:127:11: error: '::printf' has not been declared
127 | using ::printf;
| ^~~~~~
/usr/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.2.0/cstdio:134:11: error: '::scanf' has not been declared
134 | using ::scanf;
| ^~~~~
In file included from src/hot_tmc.cpp:30:
src/hot_log.hpp: In member function 'void LOG::LogThis(LOG::log_ID, const char*, const char*, int, Params&& ...)':
src/hot_log.hpp:132:13: error: there are no arguments to 'printf' that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of 'printf' must be available [-fpermissive]
132 | printf(buffer);
| ^~~~~~
src/hot_log.hpp:132:13: note: (if you use '-fpermissive', G++ will accept your code, but allowing the use of an undeclared name is deprecated)
src/hot_log.hpp:136:7: error: there are no arguments to 'printf' that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of 'printf' must be available [-fpermissive]
136 | printf(" %s\r\n", RESET);
| ^~~~~~
src/hot_tmc.cpp: In member function 'void TMC::PrintNewTC(const CANPckt&)':
src/hot_tmc.cpp:94:9: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope
94 | printf("[%d] 0x%2x (%3d)\r\n", i, tcPckt.GetPcktByte(i), tcPckt.GetPcktByte(i) );
| ^~~~~~
src/hot_tmc.cpp:31:1: note: 'printf' is defined in header '<cstdio>'; did you forget to '#include <cstdio>'?
30 | #include "hot_log.hpp"
+++ |+#include <cstdio>
31 |
In file included from src/hot_tmc.cpp:30:
src/hot_log.hpp: In instantiation of 'void LOG::LogThis(LOG::log_ID, const char*, const char*, int, Params&& ...) [with Params = {const char (&)[28]}]':
src/hot_tmc.cpp:65:9: required from here
src/hot_log.hpp:132:19: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope
132 | printf(buffer);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~
src/hot_log.hpp:1:1: note: 'printf' is defined in header '<cstdio>'; did you forget to '#include <cstdio>'?
+++ |+#include <cstdio>
1 | /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
src/hot_log.hpp:134:19: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope, and no declarations were found by argument-dependent lookup at the point of instantiation [-fpermissive]
134 | printf(std::forward<Params>(params)...);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/hot_log.hpp:136:13: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope, and no declarations were found by argument-dependent lookup at the point of instantiation [-fpermissive]
136 | printf(" %s\r\n", RESET);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/hot_log.hpp: In instantiation of 'void LOG::LogThis(LOG::log_ID, const char*, const char*, int, Params&& ...) [with Params = {const char (&)[32], unsigned char}]':
src/hot_tmc.cpp:69:5: required from here
src/hot_log.hpp:132:19: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope
132 | printf(buffer);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~
src/hot_log.hpp:132:19: note: 'printf' is defined in header '<cstdio>'; did you forget to '#include <cstdio>'?
src/hot_log.hpp:134:19: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope, and no declarations were found by argument-dependent lookup at the point of instantiation [-fpermissive]
134 | printf(std::forward<Params>(params)...);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/hot_log.hpp:136:13: error: 'printf' was not declared in this scope, and no declarations were found by argument-dependent lookup at the point of instantiation [-fpermissive]
136 | printf(" %s\r\n", RESET);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
因此，确实感觉从 ATMEL/Microchip 的库/驱动程序中加载的“printf()”保留名称 ovlerloading 正在毒化 std 包含的使用。