我有一个 WindowStyle 设置为无的 WPF 窗口。有什么方法可以强制这个窗口投下阴影(就像你在 WindowStyle 不是无时得到的那样)?我不想将 AllowTransparency 设置为 true,因为它会影响性能。而且我也不想禁用硬件渲染(我在某处读到禁用它时透明度性能更好)。
4 回答
我编写了一个小实用程序类,它能够完全按照您的要求进行操作:在无边框Window
但已AllowsTransparency
设置为false
.
你只需要调用该DropShadowToWindow(Window window)
方法。最好在窗口的构造函数之后进行此调用InitializeComponent()
,但即使您在显示窗口后调用它也会起作用。
using System;
using System.Drawing.Printing;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
public static class DwmDropShadow
{
[DllImport("dwmapi.dll", PreserveSig = true)]
private static extern int DwmSetWindowAttribute(IntPtr hwnd, int attr, ref int attrValue, int attrSize);
[DllImport("dwmapi.dll")]
private static extern int DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea(IntPtr hWnd, ref Margins pMarInset);
/// <summary>
/// Drops a standard shadow to a WPF Window, even if the window is borderless. Only works with DWM (Windows Vista or newer).
/// This method is much more efficient than setting AllowsTransparency to true and using the DropShadow effect,
/// as AllowsTransparency involves a huge performance issue (hardware acceleration is turned off for all the window).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="window">Window to which the shadow will be applied</param>
public static void DropShadowToWindow(Window window)
{
if (!DropShadow(window))
{
window.SourceInitialized += new EventHandler(window_SourceInitialized);
}
}
private static void window_SourceInitialized(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Window window = (Window)sender;
DropShadow(window);
window.SourceInitialized -= new EventHandler(window_SourceInitialized);
}
/// <summary>
/// The actual method that makes API calls to drop the shadow to the window
/// </summary>
/// <param name="window">Window to which the shadow will be applied</param>
/// <returns>True if the method succeeded, false if not</returns>
private static bool DropShadow(Window window)
{
try
{
WindowInteropHelper helper = new WindowInteropHelper(window);
int val = 2;
int ret1 = DwmSetWindowAttribute(helper.Handle, 2, ref val, 4);
if (ret1 == 0)
{
Margins m = new Margins { Bottom = 0, Left = 0, Right = 0, Top = 0 };
int ret2 = DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea(helper.Handle, ref m);
return ret2 == 0;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// Probably dwmapi.dll not found (incompatible OS)
return false;
}
}
}
帕特里克的回答很好,除非托管了一个 win32 窗口。发生这种情况时,您会注意到托管窗口已“褪色”(看起来窗口正在将“玻璃板”效果应用于整个托管窗口)。在本地定义结构时,这种奇怪的行为是固定的,例如
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct Margins
{
public int Left;
public int Right;
public int Top;
public int Bottom;
}
如果您允许窗口调整边框大小,通过设置ResizeMode
为CanResize
,您将获得操作系统投影。然后,您可以将MaxWidth
、MinWidth
、MaxHeight
和设置MinHeight
为阻止调整大小的值。
如果您有一个没有样式的无边框窗口,您将必须在您自己的可视化树中提供窗口的所有外观,包括投影,因为这种设置组合与说您不想要操作系统相同提供。
编辑:
从那时起,如果您的窗口大小是固定的,只需添加阴影,可能作为 a<Rectangle/>
作为 a 内容中的第一个元素<Canvas/>
像这样的东西:
<Window x:Class="MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" AllowsTransparency="True" Background="Transparent" WindowStyle="None">
<Canvas>
<Rectangle Fill="#33000000" Width="100" Height="100"/>
<Rectangle Fill="#FFFF0000" Width="95" Height="95" />
</Canvas>
</Window>
请注意,Fill
first 的属性是Rectangle
部分透明的,您也可以使用. 您可以使用自己的图形或其他形状来自定义投影的外观。Opacity
Rectangle
请注意,这违反了您对AllowsTransparency
be的要求False
,但您别无选择:如果您想要透明度,则必须允许它。
为什么不使用与“窗口”相同的对象创建阴影,但要更大且在其后面。
<Window x:Class="WPF_Custom_Look.ShadowWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="ShadowWindow" Height="400" Width="450" ResizeMode="NoResize" Background="Transparent" AllowsTransparency="True" WindowStyle="None">
<Grid>
<Rectangle Fill="Black" Width="330" Opacity="0.5" Height="279">
<Rectangle.Effect>
<BlurEffect Radius="30"/>
</Rectangle.Effect>
</Rectangle>
<Rectangle Fill="#FFFDFDFD" Width="312" Height="260"/>
</Grid>
或者,如果您需要一个透明的标题栏,可以将其替换为<Border>
<Canvas>
<Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="7" Height="195" Width="304" Canvas.Left="53" Canvas.Top="25">
<Border.Effect>
<BlurEffect Radius="20"/>
</Border.Effect>
</Border>
<Rectangle Fill="#FF86B0F9" Width="285" Height="177" Opacity="0.7" Canvas.Left="62" Canvas.Top="34" MouseDown="Border_MouseDown"/>
<Rectangle Fill="#FFFDFDFD" Width="285" Height="143" Canvas.Left="62" Canvas.Top="68"/>
</Canvas>
编辑:我刚刚注意到 OP 希望将 AllowsTransparency 设置为 False。如果没有“真实”,我就看不到阴影。